【讲座时间】：2012年3月21日18:30
【讲座地点】：中央美术学院美术馆学术报告厅
【参与方式】：请从馆内西门进入，免费入场
【主讲人】：杰夫·昆斯(Jeff Koons)
【主讲人介绍】：
杰夫·昆斯1955年生于美国，1976年毕业于马里兰艺术学院。大学毕业后，昆斯并没有立即从事与艺术相关的工作，22岁时,昆斯移居纽约,在纽约当代艺术博物馆里谋了一个职位。在新表现主义艺术盛行的年代里,昆斯是个完全不被接受的异类。作品的市场反应非常冷淡,昆斯没收获到任何利益。为了继续艺术创作生涯,昆斯去华尔街当起了证券经纪人,同时一边进行创作。80年代初，作为Neo-Geo的激进的倡导者，昆斯首次进入人们的视线，引起艺术界的关注。Neo-Geo所提倡的挪用与滑稽的模仿是这个时期昆斯艺术创作的核心。应该说美国60年代蓬勃发展的波普艺术对昆斯产生了致关重要的影响，昆斯以满足、好奇甚至是玩乐的态度表现了光怪陆离的现代商品社会。80年代初，昆斯借鉴了杜象的挪用与拿来主义，让精美的现代商品丝毫不损地转入艺术状态，他的放在有机玻璃罩中的吸尘器、悬浮的篮球，在看不懂中给人们带来不尽的遐想，至今让人记忆犹新。各种各样的商品、广告、卡通玩具不仅表现了多姿多彩的现代商品社会，也表现了现代人似孩童般无休止的消费欲望。昆斯成长于商品社会高速发展的美国，并有着虽然短暂却一生难忘的从商经历，因此，虽然同以大众商品为表现对象，与第一代波普艺术家的含蓄地批判精神不同的是，昆斯的作品充满了满足与自我陶醉。他有意打破了人们习惯了的美的标准，将最庸俗的大众图象以十分精致的手法表现出来，特别是他与夫人亲昵的系列作品，因以色情、暴露之嫌自然地引起不小的争议。
杰夫·昆斯是80年代中期升起的艺术之星，他以准确精致的日用品的复制品、可爱的卡通形象以及充满想象力的大众图象组合不断地给世人带来一个又一个新的视觉冲击，他是当代波普艺术的探索者。杰夫·昆斯毫不犹豫地汲取了艺术史上的一切养分，达达主义、杜尚手法、极少主义以及早期波普艺术都成为他参考与借鉴的源泉。他高举与大众交流的大旗，勇于向"高雅"文化叫板，向传统美学的等级理念挑战。
昆斯有很多关于金钱和艺术辩证关系的名言。“在这个资本泛滥的社会里,艺术品不可避免地要成为商品……我们不要再兜圈子了,还是一上来就当艺术品是商品一样生产吧。”成名于上世纪80年代的昆斯是美国当代最著名的艺术家之一,被认为是继安迪·沃霍尔之后最重要的波普艺术家。昆斯光怪陆离、大胆讽刺的作品常常引发艺术界的强烈争议,而他对创作回报明目张胆的追求更是让人对他产生反感。尽管如此,几乎没有人否认他是当代最重要的艺术家之一。 2005年初,出席杰夫·昆斯50岁生日宴会的都是美国的艺术界名人：昆斯“庆典”系列作品的主要赞助人杰弗里·迪奇,他的长期合作伙伴、纽约艺术品经销商伊利安娜·索拿本德,“庆典”系列雕塑品的制造者和作品的展出者拉里·葛高森,曼哈顿著名美术画廊C&M的主席罗伯特·慕钦,艺术商威廉·阿奎维拉以及众多知名的策展人、博物馆和美术馆的馆长、艺术家和收藏家等等。
昆斯几乎沉寂了整个上世纪90年代,以致引发了人们的种种猜疑。直到1999年,昆斯才带着他的“乐逍遥”系列展览重新回到了公众的视野。1985年,杰夫·昆斯举行了一场名为“平衡”的系列作品展,展示了玻璃箱中悬浮的篮球,用青铜制作的救生设备,还有Nike广告的复制品。人们对这些怪异的艺术品产生了极大的好奇,展览在当时引起了轰动,昆斯也因此一举成名。几个月之后,其作品的市场价格翻了一番.近几年来,昆斯刻意将自己的作品放到高端艺术品的位置上,似乎只为了专供富人消遣,比如他当年制作的青铜救生船和水中呼吸器现在卖到了两百万美元一件。
昆斯作品的拍卖价格从1999年开始上升。当时,美国出版业巨头彼得·布兰特以180万美元的天价在克里斯蒂拍卖行买下昆斯1988年的作品“粉红豹”。这是昆斯著名的雕塑作品之一,造型是卡通人物“粉红豹”拥抱着一个体态丰满的金发美女。1999年以前,昆斯作品的拍卖价格从来不曾超过30万美元。自“粉红豹”高价出售之后,昆斯紧接着又卖掉了超过15件作品,每件价值都在100万美元以上。四年前,一名挪威收藏家以破纪录的560万美元购下“迈克尔·杰克逊和宠物猩猩”。这是昆斯1988年创作的雕塑作品,原来的标价仅为25万美元。去年5月,美国金融学家托马斯·H·李又用550万美元买下了昆斯1986年创作的、原价只为7.5万美元的一件作品。
20年前,昆斯刚刚成名的时候,作品价值并不见得很高,而如今他的作品何以升值得如此之快？收藏家、艺术商、艺术专业人士、拍卖专家们一致认为,昆斯的成功在于他是一个反主流艺术的人物,其作品常常引起艺术界的强烈争议,但却同时成就了他的名声。而昆斯成功的另一个重要原因是他形成了一个以自己为中心的艺术圈子,圈子里面的人都是帮助他的“贵人”,像索拿本德、迪奇、葛高森、慕钦、布兰特这些,还有希腊建筑业巨头乔诺、洛杉矶著名地产商艾利·布洛德、著名的克里斯蒂拍卖行老板皮诺尔特等。
昆斯的作品总能带给大部分人愉悦的感觉。他给人留下深刻印象的作品包括玻璃罩中的吸尘器、水族箱中的悬浮篮球、镀金的名人像、不锈钢或陶瓷小玩意儿等等,但这些东西在艺术评论家眼中简直是光怪陆离。一部分昆斯的拥戴者对他也是爱恨交织。昆斯常常既让他们“恶心”,又让他们“兴奋、愉悦”,但他们所不能否认的是昆斯的确是当今美国最受欢迎的艺术家之一。
“平衡”展览举行之后,昆斯于1985年到1991年六年时间里在美国和国外举办了五场个人作品展。昆斯善于与各种各样的艺术商合作——他们为昆斯提供资助,昆斯与他们共同分享从作品中得到的利益。据说昆斯曾经说过这样一句话：“未来的伟大艺术家一定也是伟大的谈判家。”在这20年当中,昆斯凭借自己得天独厚的“谈判”才华,一步一步为自己搭建了一个资源优厚的坚实平台。
如今,艺术商们争先恐后地经营昆斯的艺术品,这使昆斯说服他们赞助自己新的“庆典”系列作品不费吹灰之力。“庆典”系列是一批比例夸张的玩具和儿童小玩意的雕塑和绘画作品,当中那个高十英尺、一吨多重的不锈钢“气球狗”就很具代表性。“庆典”的创作始于昆斯与前妻、意大利前著名色情女星伊洛娜·施塔勒离婚之后。1991年,昆斯以他和施塔勒的性爱情景为题材创作了名为“天堂制造”的系列作品,该作品充斥着大量裸露的性器官和矫揉造作的性爱场面。在艺术界引起了极大的争议。昆斯和施塔勒于1993年离婚。 在人们传统的意识里,艺术家是一班“视金钱如粪土”的家伙,但昆斯绝对是个例外。他从一开始就将艺术品当成商品去创作,能够收获回报才是最重要的。 很多人认为昆斯是一个彻底的拜金主义者,玷污了艺术的神圣,但更多的人认同他是当代最重要的艺术家之一。而实际上,在越来越物质化的当今社会,昆斯已经被越来越多的人所接受了。
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
Article II
Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.
Article III
Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.
Article IV
Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.
Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
Article II
Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.
Article III
Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.
Article IV
Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.
Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
Article II
Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.
Article III
Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.
Article IV
Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.
Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.
