讲座纪实|凯瑟琳娜·格罗斯(Katharina Grosse):关于绘画

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时间:2018年11月12日晚

地点:中央美术学院美术馆学术报告厅

主持:姜杰  中央美术学院雕塑系教授

嘉宾:凯瑟琳娜·格罗斯(1961年生于德国布莱斯高的弗莱堡,毕业于明斯特艺术学院及杜塞尔多夫艺术学院, 2010至2018年在杜塞尔多夫艺术学院担任教授,工作居住于德国柏林)


姜杰:大家晚上好!很高兴这么晚能见到你们,有幸介绍德国艺术家凯瑟琳娜·格罗斯,她是近几年非常活跃的艺术家。我们这个报告厅来过很多重要的艺术家:小野洋子、吕佩尔茨,尤其记忆比较深的是这次的翻译张争,上次小野洋子来的时候翻译得非常棒。还有吕佩尔茨坐在这个地方,他对所有观众说:我是活着的最伟大的天才。我觉得作为艺术家应该具有狂妄和自信的个性,才有可能颠覆已有的规则。

我这次在上海去看罗格斯展览的时候,我第一眼就觉得她具有这样的才能,她是一个外向的、特别激情的艺术家。在看她作品的时候你会看到她完全不按照常理。我们现在有请艺术家介绍一下她的作品。有艺术家来跟我们对话,是这几年才有这种机会,以前基本没有这种平台和关系,现在艺术家在旁边,我们应该珍惜,更多的了解另外一个地方、另外一个国度、另外一种创作的源泉,我们现在有请艺术家。


凯瑟琳娜:首先欢迎诸位来参加我们今天的讲座,感谢邀请我来到中央美院,我来谈一谈自己的历程。我是20岁才开始正式学习绘画,在此之前没有进行过任何绘画的培训。当20岁时进入艺术院校学习的时候,我的信心不是来自已有的绘画技巧,而是之前20年经历的东西。回顾我早年的岁月,尽管没有直接画画,但是我的经历是跟绘画相关的。当我还是一个小孩子的时候,每天早上起来,我就跟自己玩一个游戏——我会睁开眼环顾四周,看房子里面有很多的影子,比如窗帘和椅子留下来的影子,这些影子留在墙上或地上,我会在头脑里想象出一只画笔,将这些阴影全部抹去。逐渐地,这样的游戏成为了一种强迫症的存在,我永远都存在这么一个看不见的画笔。所以说这种想象和绘画是双位一体的。

在我上艺术院校的时候,我做了很多东西,比如拍电影、拍录像、绘画、雕塑。我毕业的时候,看到了自己做的所有东西,我意识到这些东西里面有一个共同点——最吸引我的是一些非常原始的人造的颜色。所以我就决定将这种原始的、人造的、强烈的颜色作为我今后创作的主要媒介。直到现在,我每天用这些颜色去绘画,思考绘画能够对我们的生活和世界做出什么样的改变。

我认为绘画和雕塑对这个世界的影响方式是不一样的,举一个例子,我曾参加一次瑞士的展览,当我仰头看到屋子的墙脚,觉得我画的作品不应该在墙上,而应该在墙角和空中。大家看到我只使用了一种颜色就是绿色,但是当你看向绿色的时候,在它不同部位的结合处会看出红色、暗色、黑色,甚至类似于透明的颜色,所以哪怕只用一种颜色,也能够呈现出不同的颜色出来。当然一开始,我对于这种新增加的颜色是非常谨慎小心的。

当我离开作品的时候,我会打开灯在外面看到它,这件作品就跟整个建筑产生了关系。后来我发现,这些画作不仅跟建筑有关,跟光、一天不同的时间、不同的天气等都是相关的。甚至可以说,我的作品和我空间下一个作品产生的关系是不一样的,白色的留白也是创作的一部分。

这段时间我一直在研究,我的作品和墙面的关系,我画了几年,对我的作品有很多不满意——为什么作品要永远留在机构、美术馆、画廊里,为什么不能走进私人空间?我在自己的卧室开始进行创作,当时我在柏林和杜塞尔多夫有两个工作、生活空间,我将它们都喷绘上我的作品。通过这种方式,作品第一次产生了叙事性,房间里很多物品都是有故事的,都讲述了我生活的故事,这些画跟一般意义上的绘画,垂直挂在墙上的作品就产生了完全不一样的空间关系。

最近,我在尝试忽略边界、穿越边界。大家看到这个绿色可能穿过了墙、穿过了床,红色可能也弥合了床和地面的差别,就好像我在用橡皮擦擦掉事物之间的边界。一开始我没有把这个空间创作开放给很多人,我只邀请了三位策展人来我的卧室里看这个作品,请一些陌生人来我的卧室里看我的私人空间挺奇怪的。后来我又买了一个新床,放在我画好的床旁边,然后在这个空间里面又生活了五六年。由此我又发现了一种新的方式——一些生活中的物件会成为我画作的一部分,整个画作又会赋予物件新的意义。我就开始用很高的书架进行创作,有的高6米宽3米。这个新作品是在地上进行喷绘,人们可以走在我的画作之上,以全方位的方式被我的画作所包围。当然这些书架、地面在展完之后就彻底损毁了,这不同于一幅画——6米高3米宽的画我可以拿走,在别的地方进行展示。我意识到这个画作不仅是在封闭的帆布上发生的,而是能够跟周围的空间环境产生深刻的联系。我们能够改变一个物体的表面,同时也深刻地改变它跟周围环境的关系。

这是我在CIUC进行的创作,我在工作室里完成18米长的大作品,然后将它装在博物馆门口。我认为一个画作并不仅跟一个地点、一件事情产生关联,还可能跟我的肩膀、一张书桌、一个街道产生非常深刻的关系。当它们放置到了一个地方之后,会跟这个地方产生有机关联,产生互动。我创作的这件作品,当把它放到室外之后,就跟天气、阳光、光线都产生了有机联系。我们能够看到整个现实的世界,这个作品和那位男性,还有作品留下的阴影同样的清晰。我觉得一切都是关于图像、关于想象,想象又和事实相连,是可以互换的。由此我意识到,每个绘制的图像都是嵌入到另外一个更大的图像当中,而那个图像又嵌入另外一个图像当中。

比如这个作品,我做了一个比较大的喷绘,嵌入在一个教堂的墙上,教堂在我们的文化中有非常深刻的广泛意义。我决定选择使用一些材料进行创作,这些材料是所有人都知晓的,跟我们有深刻联系,比如树木、土地、织物等。

这是我在2015年威尼斯双年展上创作的一个作品,威尼斯的特点是场地、所有建筑都是历史文物,我不能在建筑上面进行喷绘。这也为我开启了一扇新的门,我必须使用一些新的材料创造新的作品,跟整个环境融合在一起,同时使建筑成为我画作的一部分。所以我就开始用一些布料进行喷绘,使用一些栅栏、纸壳作为我新的创作材料。

这件作品在纽约布鲁克林学校的院子里,这个学校院子里栽了很多树,每棵树都以非常规则的方式排列,我做了18件小作品,把它们散布在树林中,就像随手丢弃的一样。这次使用的材料表面非常粗糙,我在上面使用非常薄的水彩进行创作。粗糙的表面和光滑的薄水彩之间的反差很大,二者之间的互动也产生了全新的效果。这两者之间的对质、不能相融的彼此不得已的融合、在大雪或者酷热的阳光下颜色会有一些消融,这些都会产生一些奇怪的互动关系。

我希望能够揭示出绘画对我们的日常生活究竟意味着什么——有时候是一种非常脆弱的存在,有时候揭示出非常残酷、非常坚硬的都市生活的侧面。后来我开始寻找一些特别极端的地理位置进行创作,我寻找的是没有人使用的——哪怕是流浪汉都不会用——一些城市区域。我到了费城,我选了火车旁边的林带——穿过林带有居住区,但林带里面没有任何人生活——我选了七、八个区域进行创作。产生了全新的作品:第一个是火车车轨和居住区之间的边界,通过我的画作变得模糊了;第二个是改变了人们对艺术作品观看的方式,火车开得很快,人们的观看时间只有十几秒二十秒,之后你也消失了,作品也消失了。会产生艺术和观者相遇的方式。画作会消失,展览结束我们会撤展;有时候会我的作品喷绘在树上,树会成长,自己会吸收这些颜色,这些作品也可能会消失,一切都是关于人们和艺术品全新的相遇方式。这种绘画和在工作室里面的绘画是不一样的,所以它是一个全新的创作方式。

另外一个作品是在纽约郊外的海边,大家看到这个房子原本是一个兵营,后来经过一次大的暴风雨之后,窗户玻璃全都碎了,士兵洗澡的地方已经基本废弃了,这个地方很有意思,是我想创作的地方,同时也是大海和陆地的交界处。观众来观看的时候,观众让这个作品完全变了样子。他们会遮盖一些地方,成为作品的一部分,他们的介入性反而比艺术家更为深刻。

与此同时我仍然在墙上喷绘,做一些工作室的绘画作品。这个作品,我用喷绘盖住了整个墙,还穿过了很多玻璃和门,更有趣的一点是大家看到这个作品,下面是两道较长的玻璃,后面是健身房,人们会在这里举重、骑动感单车的时候,会看到镜子里的自己。镜子里的自己会和作品连成一片,他们也成为我作品的一部分,这就是我的作品跟空间产生难以言喻的复杂和深刻的关系,是无法用简单的语言解读的。

在那之后我开始去试验一些不同尺幅的作品,这个是丹麦皇家公园,远处有一些宫殿,近处有一些废弃的地方,一条公路穿过了我的整个画作,靠近水边的是人们野餐的区域。更有趣的是这条街对这个作品非常重要,有很多车辆来来去去,是从郊外去往市中心的必经之路。这就导致很多这辈子都不会进博物馆、展览馆去看当代美术作品的人,不得不经过一个当代艺术的场景。另外一点也很重要,人们站在一个地方无法见识到作品的全貌,他不得不花一些时间走到我作品的各个角度,将这些印象在脑海中组合起来,才能对我的作品有整体把握。实际上这个作品也激发了一些各种各样的有趣的反映。

有人就会问,为什么一个外国人,可以在我们的国土上画这样一个作品,激发了关于国土关于所有权的话题。有人说这个作品看起来好像是有毒的,会不会摧毁我们的大自然和环境,都在社会之中产生了很大的争论。人们甚至会专门在一起聚会讨论这个作品算不算艺术,它算不算有价值的,等等。

在我谈到这次在上海K11的作品之前,再谈谈我在过去一年里做的三件作品。

这一件是我在伦敦创作,特点是我完全在墙上进行喷绘,没有使用任何其他材料。这个地方的特点是顶上有一个天窗,阳光、日光可以舒服地透进来,这里的日光好到手似乎可以触摸到光线的程度。地面是纯白的,我在墙上开始创作喷绘的时候是把地面遮住的。我会在喷枪前面加一个罩子,这样喷出来的颜色是会进行发散的,有时候我会把罩子去掉直接喷绘,所以从作品中能够看到一些裸眼无法发现的、不可多见的多样性。

第二件是我在澳大利亚悉尼做的作品,也和我在K11的作品有一个有机的联系。这个空间是当地一个剧院的综合体,里面有现代剧院、实验剧院、语言剧院、古典剧院。这个地方原本是一个老火车站,空间挑高非常高,有15米。当时我拿了一个特别大的布将它们缝在一起,这个布有8000平米,压缩下来有2000平米,占据了整个空间。当我们把布挂好之后,我就进去创作。我画了十天,从不同的角度,上、下、左、右进行多纬度的创作。

完成之后我们将这个作品开放给公众,人们可以走进作品。当然他们走进作品之后也会彻底改变这个作品,比如说有一些褶皱会被踏开,展示出一些空白空间,会跟这个空间产生有趣的活动。大概与此同时我在捷克布拉格美术馆也做了另外的创作,作品包含两块大概有14米高15米长的织物。这个创作中我想尝试体会谬误与创作的关系,这个作品有的地方颜色非常舒展,有的地方完全是留白,有的地方颜色则非常尖锐。

不仅仅在表达创作的方法上有不同,材料的质地也是不同的。这些展示了我自己在工作室创作的瞬间和场景。当我创作的时候,我会非常自由,尽管我事先有一些计划,有的时候我会做一些错误的、不成熟的尝试——这些尝试可能不会变成实际的展出作品。但是我不会停止这些实践,因为它会产生一些完全不同的可能性,能够为我带来未来的方向,我会尝试保留下来这种实验性创作的过程和痕迹。大家可以看到,墙上一些空白的地方原本进行过喷绘,作品虽然被摘除了,但是周围的痕迹还会保留,这是一种非常奇怪的关系,几个不同的画作相对重合的位置悬挂的痕迹会留下来。另外在这个作品中,这些观众不是踩在画作上,而是走在两幅画中间空白的区域,就好像人很小而作品的视觉感很大,有一种有趣的反差。另外公众的观看、参与和整个作品产生有趣的共鸣和互动,这个地方墙很高,所以人显得很小,和我在K11做的作品恰恰相反。K11空间很大但天花板很低,只有3米高,整个空间有2000平米。

现在是不是可以开始我们对谈的环节,我们可以聊一聊这次我在K11做的展览,名字叫“呢喃的泥土”。我想借这个机会跟大家介绍一下这位先生,他叫沃瑞希沃克先生,他是这次展览的联合策展人,还有另外一位女士刘秀宜女士,也是这次展览的联合策展人,我非常感谢中央美院为我们选择了姜杰老师这样一位优秀的艺术家,跟我进行这一次的对谈。

姜杰:刚才我们看了PPT,我们看到凯瑟琳娜的工作量非常大,而且完全是一个敞开性的工作。她从绘画、从画布走下来,不再用画笔而是用喷枪喷绘,用的更多的是缝制的大型的布。她也用了一些室外的建筑、泥土、草坪、树木,用类似泡沫做立体雕塑的呈现。这些材料有一个共通性——都是非永久性材料,更有一种可能性在里面,这是非常有意思的。

她刚才说画布拿开以后形成一个空的东西,又进入另外一种境遇,都是有一种可能性。这对于我们学艺术、作创作的人来讲是非常有意思的。我们都知道学院的教学有很多很保守的模式,对于老师来讲这有一定传承的因素。凯瑟琳娜的老师对她的影响也非常大,她的老师也是一个很重要的画家,叫格劳博纳。他有一句话对她有一些影响——“绘画就是一个色彩空间体”,在这里我想问问,在这个传承关系里怎样取舍?怎样找到一个更合适自己的方式?凯瑟琳娜是怎么做的?

凯瑟琳娜:这是一个很有趣的问题,关于我怎么看待绘画的传统以及老师对我的影响。首先我想要做一个画家,因为我热爱绘画这件事情。我之所以找格劳博纳做我的老师,因为我被他的创作所吸引。也正因为我被他的作品所吸引,我就会更好的吸收很多他给我的知识。这些知识很多时候不是来自书本,而是来自我跟他一对一的对话,包括我坐在旁边听老师跟别人聊天谈话,这种教育很重要的一部分是口头教育,这种无法被重复的稍纵即逝的口头交流。当然书本是很重要的,它关于知识的积累、知识的完整、知识的精确。但是对于教授绘画和艺术而言,更重要的是口头教育。

格劳博纳并不是我的第一位老师。我的第一位老师来自传统的素描,实际上受到了新文艺复兴或者文艺复兴画派的传统影响。格劳博纳老师对我最大的影响是关于颜色空间体,他说颜色并不是只有一个视角,而是有多重视角,从不同角度看一个颜色,会看到完全不一样的信息。颜色是能够扩张的,能够彼此进行组织的。比如说金色和银色会进行一种奇妙的对话,可以向外呼气也可以向里吸气,一切都是不稳定的,一切都是柔软的,可以去变化、触摸、改变的。

同时我也和格劳博纳学到了很多关于绘画的理解,特别是我们会讨论当摄影来临之后,摄影跟绘画的关系,特别是当时在杜塞尔多夫艺术学院还有很多老师,会谈关于绘画和摄影的关系。那时候我们还有很多讨论,关于是不是还要继续绘画,在摄影、录像、图像、影像的时代里,它们是不是更容易被复制,是不是更容易代表未来,这些在我们的学生之中有非常热烈的讨论,还会把讨论带到课堂上跟老师讨论。另外我的老师常说一句话:别学我,你应该去构建自己全新的世界。

王春辰:我在学校上课时介绍了很多西方艺术,今天凯瑟琳娜放的作品完全打破了以往对绘画的知识和体验,看了很兴奋,她把绘画的边界拓宽了。我想问,当你在做这些作品,在很多地方引起了社会公众的讨论,他们反对过吗?或者拒绝过你吗?特别在一些没有人去的地方你也做了这些创作,有没有人干预你?

凯瑟琳娜:有的时候确实会有人伸手干预。很多时候人们的观点是不一样的,很多观点、很多不一致会同时存在,这个是非常自然的,也是非常必要的。正是因为人与人之间存在不同和差异,我们才可能进化,然后我们才可能迈出新的一步,跃上一个新的平台。我和我的先辈们就会有很多不一样的地方,我的老师虽然创造了色彩空间体理论,但是我的老师信仰的是色彩之间的和谐。而我是从来不信仰和谐的,我认为颜色色彩所要表达的是一种能量和力量。我的颜色是非常粗糙的、是人工的、强烈的,受了电影和电视的影响,它是一种让人不安的,让人不怎么舒服的存在。

我认为颜色是一种独立、自在的存在,它可以独立于空间、独立于时间而存在。同时我也认为我们所创造的世界和现实一样,都是不稳定、不可预测的。我的绘画代表我这一代艺术家对于色彩和艺术的理解,换个空间换个时间肯定就会有人反对我,就像在座的你们这一代就会反对我,但这是很有必要的,因为我们的不同,我们才可能进化,打破边界产生全新的东西。

不仅别人会反对我,我自己也会反对我自己。比如大家看到这是我在K11所作的作品之中的一个部分,大家说到我会使用非常强烈的人造颜色,我会使用这种非常不规则的外观和形状,这看起来像什么呢?像是一个非常锋利的白色结构,就像算法算出来的东西,我为什么要做这个,可能我也难以解释,这种自我的反对差异是我所需要的,它能够给我带来潜在的可能性。作为一个艺术家我能够给这个世界提供的,是一个可替换的视角,和别人甚至和我自己都不一样的视角。我把我的作品叫做 “想象的原型”,什么意思?所有人的创造都是一种想象,我所做的就是可以把别人的大脑移植过来,用在我的背景之中做为一种创造。它可以在一个完全新的环境产生新的关系。比如今天我坐在这里和姜老师进行对谈,我们对于身体和空间的理解是完全不一样的。但实际上我的作品也关于身体的技术性,关于身体的多重纬度性,我不会说我们两个人有彼此有什么意见的不同,但是我们面对身体面对空间给出的解决方案、给出的表达方式是完全不一样的。可能在我的作品当中关于身体的越界、关于身体与接受,甚至是消化相关的种种部分,是我的一种表达方式。

姜杰:讲座之前我们有一些交流,她也看了一些我的作品。由于是雕塑系老师,我还是会从雕塑语言上考虑一些问题。其实这些年也做了很多实验和探索,有很多地方脱离了雕塑本身的传统,也做了一些实验和图片,做了一些非永久性的材料。通过凯瑟琳娜的讲座,我非常受启发。包括她作品中的可变性和参与性,作品跟人的关系,包括观众进入以后,一个东西开始改变,有一些新的可能性,这都是非常有意思的。我的作品更多是给人看到一个我不知道的事情,给他人的是他受到作品启发而产生的东西。这就是我们交流的意义所在——有很多共通的东西,但是也有很多不同的点,是一个特别有意思的交流。我们下面的时间看看同学们有没有想向凯瑟琳娜提问的。


提问一:我关注凯瑟琳娜的作品已经有一段时间了,我觉得她的作品是非常有意思的实验。用喷绘的方式在空间里绘画,其实是一个非常显而易见的可以达到的极端做法。正是因为它是非常显而易见达到极端的语言,所以我觉得有非常重要的把握——她要在每一个空间中都有恰当的把握,才会变得有更多层面的意义。我认为喷绘是一个很中性的行为,空间很大程度给了作品完整的语境和内容。我去看K11展览的时候觉得这个空间很有意思,上面是一个巨大、奢侈的购物中心,而展厅在地下三层,可以说这个空间非常压抑。对于这个空间是不是可以谈一谈——就这个空间跟展览题目的关系。

凯瑟琳娜:我觉得您的这个问题很有意思,关于整个背景和语境我想说两点,这个空间确实是人们去购物甚至去买一些奢侈品的地方,人们去吃饭、见朋友、去咖啡馆,甚至仅仅是路过。一个车水马龙的繁华都市中,在这里发现一个艺术展会非常意外,也是很有趣的。因为你可能不会预期在这样一个繁华的商业空间里看到这样一个艺术展。

第二点是关于空间的性质也是很有意思的,因为它是在整个摩天大楼的最低层——地下三层,完全没有日光,看起来就像一个实验室,房顶很低只有3米,向上能看到钢筋水泥结构。这个空间作为展览空间而言近乎于不可用,对我而言却很有趣,因为它和边界相关。

我想说的是这种边界的概念,不仅仅是一个购物空间和非购物空间的边界。当我处在这样一个艺术世界和商业世界的边界的时候,好像有一些机会重新商谈、磋商一些关于规则的可能性。同时也是我自己在工作室里的一些艺术活动——包括我的一些兴趣和K11这个空间之间会产生一些沟通。我觉得这种沟通有时候是以一种无知的方式进行的。当然,我会尊重一些规则,会适应这个空间。另外我也是完全忽略这个空间给我的限制,这个地方有很小的门和入口,空间一点都不美,让人感觉非常压抑非常有限制性的,但是正好让我可以打破,并推向一个极限,这些都是我想做的事情。

某种程度上,我的颜料和颜料所落在其上的表面的关系,和整个展览空间、和周遭环境的关系是同等的。我的绘画不仅是画在材料上的,也是越出材料的边界,完全是溢出的关系。我的绘画本身所尊崇的规则,跟周围的空间环境是完全不一样的。整个展览里的内在规则,和周围大购物中心的规则和逻辑又是不一样的。某种程度上我的作品干扰或者打破了原有的身份,因为我的画作和画作所落在其上的表面是不相等的,同样我的展览和整个K11的购物空间也是不相等的。


提问二:我想问的是,您以大自然的一切物质当做画布的时候,就会产生很多偶然性。您的偶然性是受达达主义的影响吗?还是什么其他原因产生与大自然的一切物质作画,谢谢!

凯瑟琳娜:某种程度上所有的一切在达达主义之后,都是受达达主义影响的。实际上你说的这种偶然性的起始点不是那么偶然。我会选择一些非人工制作的大自然颜色。创作产生的图像从来不是影射或者参考流行文化已知的形象。我使用的也是一些特别具体的创作工具,不是随机的,不是偶然的。但是从那里开始继续往下走,你就会发现我的的绘画颜色和周围的环境,产生许多不同的关系。有时候是一种归属关系,有时候是一种对立关系,有时候是一种偶然关系,这一切都是关于我的现象,我选择绘画的细节。这些细节又取决于我绘画的时候手的每一个动作。这是一种控制与偶然性之间的共鸣和共舞。这种实验再向前推进的时候,就会出现一些不可预知的结果,出现一些新的体验。反过来也会改变我原本对绘画的理解和计划。这时候作品和我原本的计划会产生很大的偏差,某种程度上这就跟达达主义的理念有一些相合之处,好像在达达主义里面直面一系列的意义,将这些意义拆解开来,与它们原本的语境割裂开。你可以这么理解,比如一张纸上这一面写的是意义,另外一面可能是一个声音代表着意义。达达主义所做的是将这个声音和意义拆解开。我的创作是在这个产生意义的系统之前创作的,我首先不去假定存在一个意义,和与这个意义相对应的声音。我不认可这样一个意义存在的系统,所以我在这个系统之前就开始进行我的创作,我并不去假定这些系统的存在。


提问三:您好,我觉得在您的创作当中对创作空间的选择,是更偏爱公共生活空间,还是更偏爱大自然的环境呢?刚才我听您有提到一个界限感和边界意识,我想问一下,除了这样一个因素之外,您在选择空间来创作的时候,有没有其他因素来吸引你选择它?

凯瑟琳娜:首先关于边界或者边界意识,意味着我画一幅画在什么地方结束,我的画究竟有多大,我的尺幅有多大,包括尺幅是不是有一个变化,包括在一件事情里面是不是从大到小再到大。我的作品是不是开放的结构,我的作品是不是有自己的盲点。

某种意义上边界就是空间,边界不是我们今天理解的一个边。实际上边界是一个非常深刻的东西,如果你真正理解了边界,就能够理解多层空间。您刚刚的第一个问题是关于我更喜欢在公众空间创作还是在大自然创作,首先您这个问题的一个假定是存在一个完全不同的,比如一个完全大自然的地方,我去那个地方创作,我不认同这一点。实际上所有景象都是嵌套在一个更大的景象之中,这种关系是可变的。特别是我在一个地方进行创作之后,我可以改变这个空间彼此之间的关系。那么一个公共的地方,有可能把它变成一个私人的地方,也可能变成一个半公共的地方。这一切都取决于这个空间里面不同的元素之间上下层级的阶级关系。但是这种阶级关系或结构,是永远在不停变化的,作为艺术家你可以对其产生干预产生影响。


提问四:你好!刚才大家都围绕您的作品去展开的,我想问一下,您在教学当中是怎么启发学生的?就这一个问题,谢谢!

凯瑟琳娜:首先要有很多不同的启发或者教学的方式,在德国艺术学院里面有个很有趣的现象,一些课堂里面二年级、三年级、四年级的学生是一起上课,因为有一些年轻的学生不是很有经验,会有一些大胆的想法,他们会非常有实验性,而有一些岁数大的学生,他们好像觉得自己什么都知道。我特别强调,不要只通过电脑屏幕去看作品,我强调学生们要亲眼观察并和一件作品产生实际关系。我会带他们去很多地方,去很多不同国家的美术馆和博物馆。去一些我很了解的地方,我能跟他们分享我的知识经验。有的时候会去一些我完全不知道但他们可能很了解的地方。我还会把一些不同背景的人请到我的课堂里来,包括请一些表演和行为艺术导师,他们会让学生更好地理解我们和自己身体的关系。我会请一些作家到我的班上跟学生阅读一些文学作品包括写作,让学生找到自己的语言、找到自己的声音。我还会找一些在公共管理部门工作的人,比如指挥交通或者其他部门,帮助人们进行群体管理和沟通的人,我还会跟所有人进行集体活动。


提问五:在您创作中,绘画行为的光和色给您的感动,人们对于您作品的反映和互动,还有自然对于您作品的介入,这几者都是您作品中的重点。我想问的是,您是如何衡量,如何驱使你创作下去?谢谢!

凯瑟琳娜:首先您刚刚提到了三点,光色、人文、自然,提到人文,我自己都没有想过这一点。我当然关心我生活在哪里,我们所有人如何一起共同生活。我们如何去理解人与人之间的关系,这是很重要的。因为人与人之间的关系并不是一成不变的,是一直在闪烁在变化,如果我们愿意相信所有可能性。我们生活的每一秒都可以充满想象力,都可以是一次冒险。我们每一秒都可以重新组织我们和其他人的关系,今天我们所有人坐在这里,很可能在我们离开这里的时候,我们能够改变彼此之间的关系,这就是一件很奇妙的事情。实际上我的作品是想反映我的世界观,我希望我的作品是不断改变这个世界的。如果大脑真的能够接受这个世界不断改变的可能性,如果我们把周围的环境,变成一个可以改变的现实对它进行编程,那么我们的生活就可以变成一个非常美好的存在。我们只要足够相信一些我们原本不知道的东西,是有可能发生的。

姜杰:由于时间关系,我们的提问就到这儿了。今天凯瑟琳娜的讲座还是很有意思的,无论是实践者还是做理论的同学,都会有不同的收益。谢谢凯瑟琳娜,谢谢她给我们带来这么精彩的讲座!  

|作品图片|

1542786409308167.jpg

Katharina Grosse,The Horse Trotted Another Couple Of Metres, Then It Stopped, 2018

acrylic on fabric

Commissioned by Carriageworks, Sydney, Australia

© Katharina Grosse und VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn 2018

Photo: Zan Wimberley

1542786419385101.jpg

Katharina Grosse, Das Bett, 2004, Düsseldorf, Germany  

acrylic on wall, floor, and various objects

280 x 450 x 400 cm / 110 1/4 x 177 1/4 x 157 1/2 in

Photo: Nic Tenwiggenhorn

Copyright: Katharina Grosse, Nic Tenwiggenhorn andVG Bild-Kunst, Bonn, 2018

1542786430699856.jpg


Katharina Grosse, Rockaway, 2016, MoMA PS1’s Rockaway! series, New York, USA

acrylic on wall, floor, and various objects

600 x 1,500 x 3,500 cm / 236 1/4 x 590 1/2 x 1,378 in

Photo: Pablo Enriquez

Copyright: Katharina Grosse und VG Bild-Kunst Bonn, 2018

Courtesy of MoMA PS1, New York

1542786438485652.jpg


Katharina Grosse, The Horse Trotted Another Couple ofMetres, Then It Stopped, 2018, Carriageworks, Sydney, Australia

acrylic on fabric

1,000 x 4,600 x 1,500 cm / 393 2/3 x 1,811 x 590 1/2 in

Photo: Zan Wimberley

Copyright: Katharina Grosse und VG Bild-Kunst Bonn, 2018

Courtesy of Gagosian, commissioned by CarriageworksSydney, Australia

1542786448560294.jpg

Katharina Grosse

Wunderbild, 2018, National Gallery in Prague, Czech Republic

acrylic on fabric

1,450 x 5,200 x 500 cm / 570 3/4 x 2,047 1/4 x 196 3/4 in

Photo: Jens Ziehe

Copyright: © Katharina Grosse und VG Bild-Kunst Bonn, 2018

Courtesy Galerie nächst St. Stephan, Gagosian, andKönig Gallery, commissioned by National Gallery in Prague

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and Statement

CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement

I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.

CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer

Article I

This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.

Article II

Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.

Article III

Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.

Article IV

Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.

Article V

During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.

Article VI

Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.

CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement

According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):

I. General Provisions

(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.

(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.

(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.

II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use

(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.

(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.

(3) Geographical Scope of Use

The applicable geographic scope is global.

The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).

III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use

Use in perpetuity.

IV. Licensing Fees

The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.

After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.

Additional Terms

(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.

(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.

(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.

Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.

I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.

Group Visit Agreement
and Statement

CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement

I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.

CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer

Article I

This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.

Article II

Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.

Article III

Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.

Article IV

Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.

Article V

During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.

Article VI

Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.

CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement

According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):

I. General Provisions

(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.

(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.

(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.

II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use

(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.

(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.

(3) Geographical Scope of Use

The applicable geographic scope is global.

The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).

III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use

Use in perpetuity.

IV. Licensing Fees

The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.

After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.

Additional Terms

(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.

(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.

(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.

Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.

I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.

Event Booking Form

Name:
Gender
Phone:
Valid Certificate: Identity Card
ID Number:
Email:

Reminder:

Hello! Thank you for participating in our public education event and we are looking forward to seeing you! If you cannot attend the event on time, please send a text message to 13261936837 (Liang) to cancel the booking. Please be aware that your eligibility for using the quick booking may be affected If you cancel the booking more than three times. Thank you for your understanding!
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