美术馆的品牌策略


文/朱利安·斯塔拉布拉斯(Julian Stallabrass)

译/陈艳


尽管美术馆历来就有自己的名称、标识甚至商标,但由专业公司来为它们进行直截了当的品牌策划却是新生事物。品牌是指印在一机构所有产品之上,以一种快速可辨的方式来确保其品质的保证。但对于美术馆来说品牌包装意味着什么,品牌策划在它的日常运作中有多深入,品牌在艺术作品对参观者产生影响的过程中起到了什么作用,对参观者如何理解作品又起到什么作用?由于品牌借以走进美术馆的途径十分显而易见,我在本文中也将采用图文并茂的分析方式——我的研究将用到大量在美术馆中所拍摄的照片,此处采用的照片所供的论据能够像语言一般清晰地表达我的意图。

美术馆的品牌包装与新自由主义经济体密切相关——如英国与美国。但在那些政府较多干预文化导向的国家则发展较缓。品牌策划,正如我们所见,是为了吸引那些来去匆匆、缺乏安全感而善变的民众,以应对新自由主义对政府、福利政策与行业协会带来的冲击,而它实际上为飞速发展变异的金融资本充当着形象正面而普遍适用的代言人。

我将把Tate作为一个主要案例,特别是Tate现代美术馆,自然因为它是最成功、最有创意并且表现得专业的品牌化美术馆。自从1998年起,经过Wolf Olins咨询机构对它进行品牌再包装以来,它的获利是显而易见的。Tate作为一个整体,已经成为一个具有极高知名度的全球品牌。[1]Tate现代美术馆是当今最有人气的现当代美术馆——在过去参观者数量波动取决于个展的受欢迎程度,但现在已接近500万一年。[2]相比之下,2009年蓬皮杜中心吸引了大约350万参观者,美国当代美术馆吸引大约260万人,纽约古根海姆美术馆约120万人。[3]

Tate现代美术馆将成为本文的焦点,而我并不是在对这一机构进行挑剔和批评:这个美术馆预示着某种可能的未来远景,同时也不乏对新自由气象的一种合理的回应。作为美术馆的常客,我们看待Tate,正如以往欧洲人看待美国人,将他们看作未来潜在的消费者。

在原有的本地信誉模式已不起作用的环境中,品牌包装是对品质的快速保证。[4]在大城市中行色匆匆的人们已无法在口耳相传间听取商铺与服务的名声保障,因此旅行者们会一头扎进星巴克寻求标准划一的用户体验。品牌同时也能获取难以磨灭的信任感,因为在商标的印痕之下,人们可以确信某种形式的服务能够得到保障。你会不会将你的信用卡信息放心托付给西雅图的某家公司?如果它的名字叫“亚马逊”的话,很有可能你会的。更有甚者,品牌在出售商品的同时,也供一种生活方式(或至少代表种生活方式的一个形象)。[5]星巴克经过品牌包装的环境也随同它的咖啡一起出售着。


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大英博物馆商店


在重新包装品牌的过程中,Wolf Olins将Tate的每一个运作环节都进行了彻头彻尾的再定义。在Wolf Olins为Tate所作的网页布局上,它的面貌已经清晰可见——一组网格化的图像,鼠标移动到每幅图像上,它都会被单独激活,囊括了购物环境、产品、商标、色彩、栏目、告示牌、字体、媒体报道,最最重要的是参观者在美术馆中流连的身影。[6]正如Wolf Olins谈及品牌再包装时所说:


在Wolf Olins的帮助下,Tate重新定义了美术馆——从一个单纯的学术性质的展馆,带着某种一成不变的学院派的形象,变成了一系列经过品牌包装的体验,分享一种态度,同时又提供无比多样的观看方式。[7]


Tate先前作为一个国家学术机构的稳固形象,这幢建筑与其中著名的永久性藏品,应当被牢记——在面对当下这样一个华而不实、投机取巧和过度商业宣传的文化怪兽时,这一切尽管艰难,却需要复兴。

Wolf Olins同时也指出他们的目标是策划“一种开放、现代和前瞻性的体验,将娱乐享受和文化艺术联系起来”。[8]不言而喻的对立已在此处显现。Tate已经把自身视为与其他引人瞩目的商业体相竞争的机构:在庆祝Tate现代美术馆成立5周年的公开庆典中,一位作家注意到,在2004年3月21日,Olaf Eliasson的作品《气候项目》在涡轮大厅里展出时,这个极受欢迎的展览吸引了大量人群涌入馆内,比欧洲最大的零售商场Bluewater的顾客数更多。[9]

Tate的众多品牌构成包括:


●名称:众所周知的“Tate美术馆”变成了“Tate”(在伦敦,变成了“英伦Tate”和“Tate现代”)。在这一变化发生时,我正在“Tate”工作,所有员工都被正式告知不得在新名称前再使用定冠词。

●标语:在Tate现代发布时,标语是“再观察,再思考”,从那以后,还有许多标语产生。

●标志:当然需要第一时间就能让人辨识,就像商标应该做的那样。不过色彩、模糊度、阴文或阳文字母组合应当变化多端。

●包装:Tate现代的建筑有其自身的标志,而Tate也不在话下,它的标志性建筑已被广泛视为品牌标识。

●室内环境:统一风格的设计延伸到色彩、字体,甚至为前台员工制定统一的保罗·史密斯式制服,其效果是Tate的室内环境已如星巴克一般标准且容易辨认。

Tate为它的一系列产品制定了广告与营销策略,从与艺术相关的产品(画板与铅笔)到那些看上去和美术馆无甚联系的产品(如圣诞节肉馅饼)。


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Wolf Olins为Tate美术馆设计的时尚化商标 ©Wolff Olins


除了这些外在的元素,品牌策划也融入了美术馆的产品设计当中。在Nichola Serota的主导下,Tate采取了少量策展人轮换的模式,与以往的一窝蜂和事先计划模式有所不同。然而,即使它仍是Tate布展的一贯特征,并且目前在一种品牌化的环境中运作,这一模式已经成为品牌的一个组成部分。其他策展方式也随着品牌重新包装而变化:展览说明已远离过去的学术与审慎氛围,而转而亲近公众——直截了当、正面,试图引起公众参与探讨。长久以来人们一直怀疑特纳奖的策划是特地为了吸引媒体眼球而设,并且越张扬越好,而现在Tate的展览也开始遵循这一个路线,以鲜明的性感主题为特色。许多展览主题开始变得像广告语一样大众化、批量复制——“残酷与温柔”,“从电影院到困境”,“夹起”,“街道与工作室”,“流行生活”和“暴露”。

较为不显眼的是通过代理来推广与保护品牌。Wally Olins,一位Wolf Olins的合伙人,曾撰写一篇相当于书本长度的论文,强调品牌向所有相关方面传递一种关于公司形象的统一性的信息——消费者、供应商、工人、媒体。[10]Tate运作着一架十分成功的宣传机器,源源不断地向新闻媒体输入正面报导,当然也有能力扼杀负面消息。英国的报纸充斥着公关性的“新闻”,这些都是由强大的品牌化了的艺术机构供的,尤其是Tate和大英博物馆。这些媒体实实在在是公关机构的长期受害者,他们一直在向外传递着这些所谓的新闻,因为他们没有时间、资源和愿望来查证事实真相,或出反对意见。[11]

美术馆的品牌策略为交叉营销提供了机遇,品牌的组合(如麦当劳和迪斯尼就是一个常见的品牌组合)将会提升所有相关方面的形象。当Tate现代发布之时,他们为品牌“咖啡共和国”定制了600万个一次性咖啡杯,印上一语双关的标识“Latate”。紧接着还有另一些策划,如咖啡杯身广告,为2008年在Nero’s的马克·罗斯科展做宣传。Tate商店的产品也由Orla Kieley和Ally Capellino特别设计。更多吸引人的举措包括Tate开创性地与百安居连锁家居合作,发布它自己的家庭装饰画系列:


Tate品牌有时在获得分成的条件下被授权给合作商使用。2001年Tate为发布一系列绘画作品,将其品牌授予百安居使用并获成。从2002年至2004年这一成功的百安居绘画授权合作延伸至墙纸和镜框,并且Tate的海报也直接销售给百安居。这一授权为Tate带来了收益并在公众当中高了它的知名度。[12]


另一形式的交叉营销采用“赞助”或“合伙”的形式,其目的并非直接销售产品(除非有值得展览并销售的对象),而是互相升品牌知名度,尽管这可能或多或少是单方面的。在Tate与英国电信公司在其网站上进行合作期间,英国电信成功营造了具有前瞻性并富有创意的公司形象,因为他们能够欣赏现代艺术,而Tate也借此机会塑造了科技务实的形象。[13]在与英国石油合作期间,我们下文还将到,其实很难说Tate究竟获得了什么(当然,除了用钱来充实其形象这一好处以外),而显然英国石油,正如其他石油公司一样,急于证明他们对文化有多关注——这样就能将人们的注意力从伴随其核心业务的那些肮脏、腐败和压抑的行为上引开。

在这些合作当中,策展一再地受到了影响。在展示Carsten Höller的作品《试验场地》(2006年7月)时,一架多层滑梯将吓得惊恐万状的参观者们径直带入涡轮大厅,其中一块展板上策展人与赞助商的说明在两边用同样的字体显示,无法清晰分辨。比如下面这段话:


创意和活力是联合利华企业目标的重要组成部分,并在我们行为与产品中充分体现:从多芬到人造黄油Flora,以及Wall’s牌冰淇淋。


赞助商的标语应该和展馆说明分开,通常应该印在两块不同的展板上,而在此处商业公司与艺术机构似乎在用同一种口吻言说着相同的说服人的话语。

在经过品牌包装的美术馆环境中,个展或许只是另一个交叉营销的机会。直到2008年金融危机为止——在此之前的当代艺术市场往往呈现泡沫式繁荣——艺术家往往面临巨大压力(通常是自愿接受),为百万富翁家客厅的墙壁绘制装饰作品,形态奇异以作主客间的谈资,并努力使之与他们的创作风格相一致,实际上只是将商标变形处理。艺术家一度成功地将他们的个人风格品牌化,用此类交叉营销的方式成功卖给消费者——就像Barbara Kruger成功地将她的标语改装成伦敦赛尔福里奇百货店的商品装饰一样。所以展览也能被视为交叉营销的一种练习,艺术家或某种画派成为品牌,和美术馆的品牌组合在一起成为一种市场行为。


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Tate美术馆衍生的巧克力甜品


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Tate自2016年起开始使用由设计工作室North设计的全新视觉形象。图中为印有新logo的徽章(编者注)


在艺术日益商业化、同时商业也越加艺术化的氛围中,艺术家成了在“新资本主义精神”氛围中树立自身形象的标兵。[14]急速变化的经济、社会和技术条件需要人们拥有无止境的适应能力。至关重要的“财产”就是人的自身,并且所有人都应成为塑造自身的工匠,为他们的身体、形象和命运负责。[15]艺术家的作品(至少在理想状态下)应该在物质与概念层面展示一种精心打造的主观性,而在这里则成了现成的品牌。

品牌策划是一种极具说服性的手段。它或阴暗,或时髦,或“另类”或“走捷径”,但它必须简单、统一并且正面。品牌的维护要求专业化,由商业标准来衡量,贯彻到组织机构的每一个层面,必然要展示正面形象。品牌是向顾客保证一种统一质量的服务,因此它必须有一致性。Olins将这一问题阐述得相当明白:品牌策划是一种“协调性的资源”,用来使一组织的活动“上下一致”,使组织策略“清晰明了、无所不在”。[16]这种明确一致的特点已与Tate的内涵如影随形。人们或许记得至少有一部分现代或先锋艺术以(或曾以)负面的、反美学的、有争议的、矛盾的、作为其他艺术形式的对立面、激进的、反技术的、令人不适的形象出现。它在经过品牌包装的展馆中展出或许会降低这些负面影响,并扭转其历史评价。

同样的效应在当代艺术家身上也很显著。即使当艺术家以严肃作品著称,用作品来纪念针对反对派或原住民的灭绝政策,探讨政治灾难或压抑记忆,甚至作品主题涉及大屠杀,在涡轮大厅的展场上它们依然以娱乐性的面目示人。Doris Salcedo的作品《陈规》(2007年8月)在涡轮大厅的场地中央制造了一条裂缝,与建筑物的整体长度相当,可以被看作是对美术馆体制与整个西方艺术的恶作剧,指出其结构上的弱点,预示着现今在文化与野蛮之间的一种不稳定的平衡,而新自由主义的美术馆就站在其上。参观者把脚尖伸进这个裂缝里,把小物品往里扔,跳来跳去,假装绊倒,或者拿它取乐。很快它就被贴上了Tate的警示牌。同样,Miroslaw Balka的作品《它是如何》(2009年10月),尽管作品是一个很深的盒子,有着令人不安的黑暗,它却被照相机闪光灯和手机屏幕照亮了无数次。在经过品牌包装的轻松知识卖场氛围中,黑暗、现实与形而上的主题难以表达。


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Doris Salcedo,《陈规》,2007,泰特现代美术馆 ©Doris Salcedo, Photo by Edward Kimber

品牌包装与美术馆本应有的教育功能产生了直接的冲突,美术馆本应对自己的展品拥有批评功能、评价美术馆本身、鉴别真伪、将问题复杂化、阐明历史与当代之间的矛盾。品牌包装对这一切毫无作用,并且它也无法做到这些,因为它的本质就是与之背道而驰的。

在整个20世纪90年代并在其后一段时间,作为一个整体产业,品牌包装的应用有了显著的增长。Wally Olins的著作阐述了这一现象的两大原因:首先,从广告营销到品牌营销,并非仅仅针对购买产品的消费者,而是,正如我们所看到的那样,面对所有与产品的生产、分销与宣传相关的环节;其次,在许多市场里,在理性的层面上,产品本身很难在定价、质量和服务上有所区分,品牌包装代替了一切。[17]

在Naomi Klein的著作《没有商标》中,她给出了另一个解释:行业整体进入品牌时代是由于制造商与消费者之间在地点上的分离,并在其他地点进行外包的结果。[18]在福特主义的统治下,底特律的工人买得起他们自己生产的汽车,对一公司的信任有一部分来源于制造商与消费者之间的接近,但现在这种距离被拉开了,因为生产场地转移到了人工成本极低的地区。[19]品牌策略是用来虚假地弥补这一裂痕的终极商业手段。

而我们不禁要问,在当代美术馆领域是否有类似的制造商与消费者间的分离。旧的模式是建立在一种一脉相承的国家文化的强有力的意识形态之上,建立在一个受过文化教育的阶层上。这个阶层包括艺术家与评论家,他们之间有足够的共识,能进行有关这种文化的理性对话。在后现代时期,这一模式已经被跨国界的大众文化和消费主义、由这种消费主义所造成的微弱的身份认同(就好像一件便宜的衣服可轻易脱穿一样)、大众旅游、移民、身份政治的意识形态与多元文化所侵蚀。美术馆必须面对新自由主义经济和全球化的组合所带来的一系列后果,这两者是由外包模式联系在一起的:由于日益增长的不平等、环境恶化和社会冲突造成人们四处迁徙,这些不发达国家处在这种不平等状态的一端,而另一端就是无根基的、过度膨胀的艺术市场。所有这些因素导致了本来清晰可辨的稳定的国家文化遭到侵蚀,尤其在艺术领域,其本身已经全球化,同时又不断歌颂全球化。在英国,2000年的特纳奖和2005年英国艺术展,两者都已从面向英国出生的艺术家为主转变成为面向目前居住在英国的艺术家为主——这两者有很大的不同。

当然,我并不是想提倡回归原先的状态(事实上这已是不可遏制的潮流),或者说这股新潮流毫无意义。但基于国家主义认同感的观众,他们所拥有的整体性观念认同已经消失。即使是中产阶级向来对当代艺术的忠诚也无法得到保障,尽管当代艺术呈现出显而易见的时尚感。公共媒体曾戏谑艺术家Tracey Emin在1999年特纳奖上展出的作品《我的床》,就表明了这种联系有多脆弱。更有甚者,当某次一大批年轻英国艺术家的作品在一次仓库火灾中被烧毁后,媒体和公众的反应竟是感到称心如意。[20]政府与商业这两个“合作伙伴”要求美术馆迎合这些来自各阶层同时又不断变动的观众,所以美术馆只能采用品牌化的形式及其市场化的产品。

然而在美术馆的商标化当中依然有着严重的矛盾。随着品牌市场化,在观众中产生的辨识度相当肤浅、不确定和善变,其中很少有深刻的信任,容易腐坏,包含大量的敌意,因为公众深知他们是在被操纵。最危险的莫过于弥漫在商业文化当中的犬儒主义已经伸展到艺术领域。

Olins注意到,如果供应商和工人在竞争环境中受到过大的压力(换句话说,在他们被剥削的情况下),公司的形象会受影响,因为这与公众对品牌的信念相违背。[21]许多品牌的颠覆者就是利用这点来质疑品牌,比如,广泛流传的耐克血汗工厂一事对耐克品牌的影响。在Tate,已有少量破坏品牌环境的迹象产生,或许是对这种千篇一律的环境的反叛,人们尝试向这品牌的齿轮里扔小石子。更严重的是,Tate(以及其他声名显赫的英国文化机构)与英国石油的合作已产生问题,其品牌已与导致生态灾难的墨西哥湾原油泄漏事件紧密相连。在Tate现代十周年庆典上,一个名为“解放Tate”的组织将沾染了油污的鸟类尸体和腐烂的鱼绑上黑色氢气球放入涡轮大厅。一个统一形象的品牌的危险性在于,如果有一环出现问题,整个机构的形象都会受损。

更大的问题是品牌的状况很难得到控制,即使是在Tate的建筑内部也是如此,更别提外部了。新自由主义领土,处在旅游者和富豪们的隔都之外,缺乏愿望和资金使那些品牌形象在公众领域中很难保持统一、清洁、免遭破坏——更别说保持美观了。品牌必须放置在公共环境中,而那种“质量保证”与破败的公共环境相矛盾,从而产生了戏谑和批判的效果。

美术馆可以采取措施,尤其是集中地划定一块区域以精确地吸引他人,因为这将有别于主宰城市生活方方面面的品牌化环境。它可以参与更开放的批判和自我批判,并与公众对话。如果学术机构与它的“产品”之间存在一定的距离,恰恰能使两者摆脱些许商业气息。在品牌化的美术馆里坚持策展本应有的立场是值得庆贺的因素之一。另外还有许多更有趣的选择。我并非站在艺术家的立场上力争“学术化的批评”,因为它在美术馆和艺术家利用品牌互相升的环境中依然存在。但美术馆不像品牌企业,必须是一个允许百家争鸣的所在。

我们有必要拿英国广播公司(BBC)来作一个比较。Tate和BBC都有强大的实力,在公众中拥有“品牌”,两者都受到新自由主义政治的压力,都被商业利益、商业和外包模式所渗透。结果是,在品牌文化氛围中,两者都未能抓住机遇独树一帜。BBC采取了相当不受欢迎的广告方式(主要是宣传它自身),在节目、预告片、节目间歇时展示其商标,从播放节目的屏幕中独辟出一栏,并且这一形式强加于竞争对手的商业频道中,而BBC自身却可以不采用。但它却没有抓住机会制作出更好的、更受欢迎的电视节目视觉效果。同样,在美术馆里,专业化的表现并不意味着必须像高效的商业公司那样,相反,它应该专辟出一块场地来反对商业行为。


1562318893646139.jpg

Tate美术馆的捐款箱 ©AB ROGERS DESIGN


当然,品牌包装必然与金钱紧密相连,同时也因为新自由主义政府做出决策迫使美术馆投入私有资本的怀抱。这一策略中有一大矛盾:政府希望艺术能够征服被恣意扩张的市场力量划分开的诸多社会阶层。如果政府真的希望艺术能够为商业文化服务的话,它本应该为美术馆供足够资金使其远离商业。或许希冀高雅文化能够教化底层大众,并从分裂与异化的状态中引起社会团结,是个幻想。但是如果政府真的相信这一点,它必定能催生一个别样的美术馆,在其中能诞生出别样的艺术作品。从这种新的思维出发,这一微小的希望可能使各种过于雷同的新自由主义艺术现象淡出视野:品牌化的艺术家、浅薄的装饰作品、在各种情况下强加在我们头上的对新自由主义和全球化的优点的不由自主的赞美,最后,披着品质保证外衣的品牌化美术馆自身。


作者 | Tulian Stallabrass,英国Courtauld艺术学院讲师、策展人与批评家

译自《Art History》2013年第一期,中译文发表于《大学与美术馆》总第二期

编辑 | 胡炘融



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1 品牌联盟可能会对此有所怀疑,但或许在种层面上,Tate已经跻身为世界最著名、是有价值的品牌竞争者之一。比如“品牌分析中心”将Tate列为2010年品牌榜的第72位,处在惠普和比利时首牌啤酒之间。详见:http://www.superbrands.uk.com/Pages/DocumentManager/ConsumerTop500_2010.pdf

2 数据来源于“最受顾客欢迎企业联合会”,2008年该数字为480万人,2009年为470万人。详见:http://www.alva.org.uk/visitor_statistics/。该数字在近年来有稳步增长,因为过去该数值一直在400万左右,见:Tate出版物《第一个五年》,2005年,伦敦;2004-2006Tate报告;http://www.tate.org.uk/about/tatereport/2006/audience/attendancefigures.htm.

3 《2009年展馆参观人数》,艺术报:2010年4月,第212期,第24页。

4 《品牌案例》,《经济学人》2001年9月8日。

5 同上。

6 http://www.wolffolins.com/tate.php

7 http://www.wolffolins.com/pdf/Tate_case_study.pdf

8《Wolf Olins的Tate品牌策划》,2000年6月16日出版;摘录于《作为品牌的美术馆》,科陶德艺术学院,Christiane Charlotte Hille 2002年硕士论文,第16页。

9 John Holden,“Tate现代美术馆的文化价值”,《第一个五年》,Tate现代美术馆出版物,伦敦,2005年,第33页。

10 Wally Olins,《品牌手册》,Thames&Hudson出版社,伦敦,2008年,第25页。

11 需要更详尽的证据,参见Nick Davies《平面地球新闻》,Chatto&Windus出版社,伦敦,2008年。

12 《第一个五年》,Tate现代美术馆出版物,伦敦,2005年,第58页。

13 关于商业公司介入艺术博物馆的情况,见Chin-tao Wu《私有文化:80年代以来的公司介入艺术现象》,Verso出版社,伦敦,2001;及Mark W. Rectanus,《文化公司化:博物馆,艺术家与公司赞助》,明尼苏达大学出版社,明尼阿波利斯,2002年。

14 Luc Boltanski和Eve Chiapello,《新资本主义精神》,Verso出版社,伦敦2006。也见Isabelle Graw,《高价:在市场与明星文化之间的艺术》,Sternberg出版社,柏林,2009年,也引用了Boltanski和Chiapello的观点,特别将其应用在当代艺术领域。

15 Boltanski、Chiapello,《新资本主义精神》,第154页。

16 Wally Olins,《品牌手册》,Thames&Hudson出版社,伦敦,2008年,第21页。

17 Wally Olins,《品牌手册》,Thames&Hudson出版社,伦敦,2008年,第13-15页。

18 Naomi Klein,《没有商标:聚焦品牌霸权宣战》,Flamingo出版社,伦敦,2000年,第196-198页。

19 Olins确实认为品牌越来越重要,因为公司宣传由于外包而变得复杂,这也是一个相关论点。Wally Olins,《品牌手册》,Thames&Hudson出版社,伦敦,2008年,第16-17页。

20 作为回应,见James Meek,《艺术化为灰烬》,《卫报》,2004年9月23日,第6-7版。

21 Wally Olins,《品牌手册》,Thames&Hudson出版社,伦敦,2008年,第64页。

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According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):

I. General Provisions

(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.

(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.

(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.

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(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.

(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.

(3) Geographical Scope of Use

The applicable geographic scope is global.

The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).

III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use

Use in perpetuity.

IV. Licensing Fees

The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.

After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.

Additional Terms

(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.

(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.

(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.

Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.

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Article I

This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.

Article II

Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.

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Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.

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Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.

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During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.

Article VI

Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.

CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement

According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):

I. General Provisions

(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.

(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.

(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.

II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use

(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.

(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.

(3) Geographical Scope of Use

The applicable geographic scope is global.

The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).

III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use

Use in perpetuity.

IV. Licensing Fees

The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.

After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.

Additional Terms

(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.

(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.

(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.

Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.

I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.

Event Booking Form

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Reminder:

Hello! Thank you for participating in our public education event and we are looking forward to seeing you! If you cannot attend the event on time, please send a text message to 13261936837 (Liang) to cancel the booking. Please be aware that your eligibility for using the quick booking may be affected If you cancel the booking more than three times. Thank you for your understanding!
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